Esbdik of perspective views



Feb. 19, 1952 p, MANEN-MAYOL I 2,586,071

BOOK OF PERSPECTIVE VIEWS Filed Feb. 9, 1949 V INVENTOR 2mm NA/l/[N'MA 70L HIS ATTORNEY6.

Patented Feb. 19, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE r lassao'u debit or fiiitsPEo'rIvE views Pedro Manen-Mayol, Barcelona, Spain I Application February 9, 1949, Serial No; 75,375

Argentina August 20, 1948- 1 oi'a'iiil. (01. 40-651 The present invention relates as a device in the form of a folding book so constructed thatitmay be used either for purposes of instruction, or merely for amusement. The physical aiid psychological principles which are responsible for the results obtainedby this invention include the reflection of light from distinct and separated planar surfaces, the superposition of images upon transparent bodies, the effects of different hues, shadows, etc. These are all easily displayed in a series of scenes interlaced to accord with reading matter, such as a tale or story, to which they lend a clear idea of the text. Likewise there is also afforded the possibility that the same viewer f this device can bring about changes in the prepared dioramas for certain effects, as well as also certain movements of the folding portions, all of which will contribute not only to the securing of an infinite number of scenes, but likewise will stimulate the ingenuity of the operator, by affording him the opportunity of determining the correct interleaving of the constituent parts of the device.

One object of the invention is to afford a dioramic book which is cheap and simple to construct, and which yields perspective or threedimensional effects.

Another object is to afford a book of this type which shall be capable of interchange or substitution of certain elements thereof, whereby the skill of the operator is cultivated.

Further objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following description and from the hereunto annexed drawings, which disclose a single possible embodiment of the instant invention, described solely by way of example and without thereby limiting the scope of the invention.

Referring now to the drawings:

Fig. 1 represents a book embodying the present invention, completely unfolded;

Fig. 2 represents the book of half-folded position;

Fig, 3 shows a detail of one of the dividing members of the book, and

Fig. 4 shows a partial detail of one of interchangeable dioramic elements thereof.

In all the figures, like reference numerals are appended to identical or similar elements, and the following description is to be read simultaneously upon a plurality of the figures of the drawings.

The dioramic book consists of two covers, I and 2, each of which is hinged for a portion approximately equal to half the width thereof, so that Fig. 1, but in a spacers H! is able to at the points indicated by 3 and 4, these covers possess the requisite flexibility.

Upon the fixed portions 5 and 6 of the' above described covers are arranged four or more sec.-

tions of thick paper or other similar material;

which easily are spread out as shown in the drawings, and constitute the dioramas:

The diorama located at the extreme front; 1, as well as the diorama located at the extreme rear, 8, are of a height substantially equalt'o that of the covers I and 2, whilst the intermediate dioramas 9, 9, are made to be narrower, since these latter are intended to be removable in order that they can be exchanged for other and different representations.

The distance comprised between, both covers; namely the length of the dioramas, is sub-divided into distinct compartments. In the illustration there are shown four such compartments, but a greater or less number may be employed, if so desired.

For the purpose of providing a certain freedom of movement to both the fixed dioramas 1 and 8, as well as the removable dioramas 9, 9, in order to accomplish the folding of these elements, as shown in Fig. 2, there have been provided in the intermediate spacing elements Ill, 2. series of symmetrically arranged apertures ll, each of which is provided with a convergent passageway l2, extending towards the exterior in such fashion that through each one can be inserted the corresponding diorama, by means of an opening l3, provided in these latter, as displayed in Fig. 4.

In this manner the fastening of the transversal be perfectly assured, when the portions [4 of the dioramas are locked into the apertures I I. On the other hand, the transverse spacers will have arranged upon the lateral portions thereof interlocking with the dioramas, a series of prismatic projections 15, which latter are later lodged in the little apertures provided in the dioramas I and 8, thus fastening these last together with the removable dioramas 9, 9, and facilitating the rearward movement thereof, when folding the device as a whole, as shown in Fig. 2.

The dioramas 1 and 9 are provided, in each division thereof with an appropriate cut-out portion in accordance with the printed matter displayed upon the pages IB, which are found arranged directly behind the covers I and 2.

In this fashion, for example, the fixed diorama 1 would be provided with a cut-out l1, and the movable dioramas 9, would be provided with reportions, such as shown at I8 view of the story which has been read on the pages 16.

While the dioramas have been, in the foregoing description, described as formed of fairly thick paper, which is usually relatively-opaque, it is to be understood that it is possible to form the portions constituting the actual'dioramas, or any individual portion, of a suitable material which shall be translucent or transparent, such'as thinner and less opaque paper, suitable plastic material, and the like. .When such materials are used, the partial or complete transmission of light will giverise to additional visual effects. ample, the reflection of colored light the appearance of other portions of the Other changes and variations of the embodiment herein described and shown willbe apparent to those skilled in the art, and I am accordingly limited only by the scope of the hereunto appended claim. a 11 What is claimedand desired to be secured by Letters Patent of the United States of America is:

will alter diorama.

A dioramic book comprising two spaced separate covers of relatively stiff material, a series of transversely foldable longitudinally disposed PEDRO MAN EN -MAYOL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

V UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name 7 Date 236,376 Stephens Jan. 4, 1881 678,012 Maratta July 9, 1901 984,735 Bailey Feb. 21, 1911 1,052,187 Stranders Feb. 4, 1913 1,179,163 Catrevas Apr. 11, 1916 1,563,582 McDade Dec. 1, 1925 2,105,008 Riley Jan. 11, 1938 2,148,676 Barnett Feb. 28, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 38,812 Denmark May 18, 1928 463,243 Great Britain Mar. 24, 1937 495,153 Great Britain Nov. 8, 1938 

